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Essays 481 - 510

'Argument Against Skepticism' by John Hospers

to the first two in that people have some former knowledge in order to "know" someone, or "know" how to do something (Hospers, 196...

The Cartesian Circle

This research report looks at one of Descartes' most well known theories. The basis of the Cartesian Circle is duly noted. The ide...

Intellect and Knowledge and Descartes

This research report examines the theories of Descartes and how knowledge and the intellect relate to experiential knowledge. The ...

'Dream Demon' of Descartes, and Russell's Reaction

In four pages this paper discusses how Russell reacted to the 'dream demon' notion of Descartes, contrasting his perspective that ...

Doubt and Descartes

This research report looks at this ultimate skeptic and explores doubt and truth in terms of all intellectual propositions. Is Des...

Of Sound Mind and Body and Descartes

This research report examines rationalizations used by Descartes and his own belief system. Various issues are explored and scient...

God and Nature According to Baruch Spinoza

In seven pages this paper examines the perspectives of this seventeenth century philosopher in terms of man's natural existence an...

Past Preconceptions Rejected by the Scientific Revolution

In five pages this essay argues that ancient principles were rejected by seventeenth and eighteenth century scientific breakthroug...

Descarte & the Somatic Marker Hypothesis

This essay addresses Descartes and the error known a the somatic market hypothesis. In this discussion, the writer differentiates ...

God As Conceptualized by Baruch Spinoza

God is the world and the universe and it is just there. At the same time, he may be seen as both the cause of, and the universe, i...

Armstrong's Argument Compared with Descartes' Metaphysics

This research report looks at the ideas of both of these theorists. Armstrong's opposition to Descartes' ideas is duly noted. Thi...

Chapter 3 of From the Presocratics to the Present A Personal Odyssey by Daniel Kolak

In seven pages this chapter is discussed in terms of how the author portrayed the philosophical influences of such theorists as Hu...

God, Knowledge, Wisdom, and Virtue According to Descartes and Aristotle

In nine pages specific questions are answered regarding Aristotle's position on happiness, virtue, knowledge, and wisdom, and then...

Does Believing in God's Existence Make Any Sense?

In five pages this paper discusses the grounds for believing in God's existence by discussing philosophical interpretations of fou...

Knowledge and the Views of the Empiricists and the Rationalists

In eleven pages this paper defines rationalism and empiricism in a consideration of the philosophical views of Berkeley, Hume, Loc...

Innate Knowledge and the Debate Between Nativism and Empiricism

In nine pages the debate between innate or native knowledge as espoused by Kant, Descartes, and Plato is compared with the empiric...

Mechanistic and Teleological Views of the World

In five pages this paper examines life's purpose and God as represented by these worldviews with such works as The Antichrist, Med...

Personal Morality and Life's Meaning

In nine pages this paper examines the role of personal morality in attaching meaning to life in a comparative analysis of Meno and...

Descartes on Dualism

are comprised of. Dualism and Descartes Descartes believed that the two elements were mind and soul, or mental substance ("gh...

The Mind-Body Problem and Descartes' Meditations

beyond their own myopic existence. Can conscious experience be separate from the brain, and can conscious experience wield causal...

Knowledge of Humanity, Empiricism vs. Rationalism

is, therefore, to be perceived - that matter does not exist independently of perception. Inasmuch as philosophy is nothing other ...

Science, Philosophy, and God's Existence

Descartes seemed to think that the way to find objectivity, from a subjective existence, would be to prove that a perfect God is t...

Philosophy and the Relationship Between the Body and the Mind

of that century, the French philosopher, Nicolas Malebranche (1638-1715) developed his metaphysical theories known as "occasionali...

Descartes' Meditations: The Certainty of Truth

the Western tradition. This is because they combine powerful introspection with a radical desire for the discovery of truth that, ...

The Theory and Difficulties of Cartesian Dualism

which he uses to argue that the senses are not based in the physical world. This is also supported by his argument that madmen may...

Ten of History’s Greatest Mathematicians

1585 The beginning rudiments of mathematics began practically at the beginning of mans reign on the earth. The first indiv...

Philosophy And Skepticism

including moral evil. Epicurus, by contrast, believed just the opposite and openly asserted how the gods have no sway over anyone...

The Relationship Between Technology And Human Freedom

minds and bodies has become somewhat of a hobby with the presence of such technology as mood-altering drugs and cosmetic surgery (...

Adam Smith: Theory Of Growth And International Trade

in the context of economic growth" (Afonso, 2001). One of Smiths (1991) greatest concerns is the variance in national wealth from...

Diane Arbus/Identical Twins

and dark, black and white. The girls stand very straight, with their A-line dresses creating a soft curve between shoulder and kne...